Preparation,characterization, and antibacterial activity of plaunotol and plaunoi extracts complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

Croton stellatopilosus (Plaunoi) leaves accumulate several diterpenes and possess various pharmacological activities. The present study aimed to prepare, characterize and assess the antibacterial activity of inclusion complexes prepared by mixing plaunotol (PL) or plaunoi extract (PE) with cyclodextrins (CD), including α-CD, β-CD, γ-CD, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). The inclusion complexes were characterized using SEM, XRD, DSC, and FT-IR and evaluated for aqueous solubility and thermal stability. The PL and PE lyophilized complexes with HP-β-CD were further evaluated for their antibacterial activity against acne-causing bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PL, PE, and the inclusion complexes evaluated using the agar dilution method revealed that the MIC and MBC values of the inclusion complexes were lower than those of PL or PE alone. Interestingly, the complexes had a synergistic activity with clindamycin after testing with checkerboard assay. The hydrogel containing the inclusion complex and clindamycin were assessed for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. The results indicated that the hydrogels showed significant inhibition of bacterial growth. In conclusion, the prepared solid dispersion of PL or PE with HP-β-CD could enhance antibacterial activity by increasing the drug solubility. The hydrogels containing PL or PE complex and clindamycin could be considered as a candidate for the treatment of acne vulgaris.     

Effects of exposure to mixed volatile organic compounds on the neurobehavioral test performance in a cross-sectional study of US adults

While the environmental exposure to multiple volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is ubiquitous, its neurobehavioral effects are not well understood. We assessed the associations between short-term exposure to VOC mixtures and neurobehavioral test performances on 497 participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, using quantile and ordinary least squares regression models. We grouped 10 blood VOCs into 3 mixtures based on the principal component analysis, where Mix1 included benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-/p-xylene, o-xylene, and styrene; Mix2 included chloroform and tetrachloroethene; and Mix3 included 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,4-dichlorobenzene. We found a general lack of significant adverse effects with exceptions limited to those with the worst performance (i.e. the top 10 percent) in the simple reaction time test, suggesting that these people were potentially more susceptible to impacts of VOC mixtures. However, further research is needed to clarify the neurobehavioral effects of chronic low-level exposure to VOC mixtures among the general population.     

心衰宁合剂质量控制研究*

目的建立心衰宁合剂的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱法(TLC)对处方中的红参、黄芪、丹参进行定性鉴别;用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定心衰宁合剂中人参皂苷Rb1的含量。结果薄层图谱斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰;人参皂苷Rb1在1.095～5.475 μg呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为 97.3%,RSD为1.98%。结论建立的方法简便,准确,重复性好,精密度高,可用于心衰宁合剂的质量控制。     

2种肠道准备制剂在结肠镜检查中的应用及护理

目的:比较口服健胃清肠合剂和大承气汤在结肠镜检查中的清洁效果及耐受程度。方法:将180例患者随机分为观察组、对照组各90例,观察组口服健胃清肠合剂,对照组口服大承气汤。观察肠道清洁程度及耐受程度。结果:肠道清洁率观察组为95.6%,对照组为93.3%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的耐受程度优于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:健胃清肠合剂在结肠镜检查中清洁度、耐受程度高。     

蜂胶及自制蜂胶奥硝唑合剂对人牙龈成纤维细胞的毒性作用

目的:了解蜂胶及自制蜂胶奥硝唑合剂对人牙龈成纤维细胞的毒性作用,为蜂胶及合剂的临床推广应用提供理论依据.方法:人牙龈成纤维细胞在不同浓度的蜂胶、奥硝唑和自制蜂胶奥硝唑合剂中体外培养24 h,用MTT法测定细胞相对增殖率(RGR);选择细胞增殖率约为50%的药物浓度组,重新培养细胞24 h,更换成不含药物的培养液连续培养7 d,每天用MTT法测定吸光度值,了解细胞增殖回复情况.结果:0.5g/L蜂胶组的RGR达到93.9%,与蜂胶其他2组间的差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);奥硝唑溶液加入蜂胶后,对应浓度组比较,两合剂组的平均吸光度值均大于奥硝唑组,其中当奥硝唑浓度为0.4g/L和0.8g/L时,差别有统计学意义(P相似文献   

Can poly(acrylic) acid molecular weight mixtures improve the compressive fracture strength and elastic modulus of a glass-ionomer restorative?

Objectives

To optimize the compressive fracture strength (σ) and elastic modulus (E) of a glass-ionomer (GI) restorative using poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) weight average molecular weight (M_w) mixtures.

Methods

174 PAA solutions were prepared (four control PAA M_ws at three PAA concentrations (25, 35 and 45%) (n = 12) and six M_w mixtures (Groups A-F at nine blend ratios and three PAA concentrations (n = 162))). The viscosity (η) of each PAA solution was determined using a digital viscometer. The PAA solutions were hand-mixed with a commercial GI restorative powder (Ionofil Molar; Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany) and σ and E were determined using cylindrical (6 mm height, 4 mm diameter) specimens (n = 20) at 24 h. Data were analyzed using analyses of variance (ANOVA) (three-, two- and one-way) and regression analyses at p < 0.05.

Results

The three- and two-way ANOVAs highlighted significant effects of M_w mixture, blend ratio and PAA concentration (all p < 0.0001) on the η, σ and E data. Regression analyses showed significant increases in η, σ and E (p < 0.0001) with increasing M_w from Groups A to F. There was no significant effect of blend ratio on the σ data for Groups A (p = 0.178), D (p = 0.747) and F (p = 0.107) and on the E data (p > 0.083).

Significance

The current approach to improving the mechanical properties of GI restoratives using PAA M_w mixtures is encouraging, however, further manipulation of the GI restorative system by optimizing PAA M_w mixtures, blend ratios and PAA concentrations is required to elicit further improvements in σ and E without impacting upon the η of the PAA solution.     

基于网络药理学与分子对接技术的荆银合剂干预新型冠状病毒肺炎的作用机制研究

目的 应用网络药理学和分子对接的方法 ,探讨荆银合剂干预新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的分子靶点及可能机制.方法 ? 利用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(TCMSP)检索荆银合剂的潜在入血活性成分和靶点.通过GeneCard数据库检索COVID-19相关靶点.利用STRING 10.5软件构建荆银合剂成分靶点与COVID-19靶点的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络.利用R 3.6软件进行基因本体(GO)分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析;采用AutoDock Tools 1.5.6和AutoDock Vina 1.1.2软件进行分子对接研究.结果 根据药动学参数口服生物利用度和类药性筛选出120种活性成分,并获得了与这些成分相关的232个靶点.从GeneCard数据库中获得350个与COVID-19直接相关的靶点,从成分靶点与疾病靶点网络的交集中获得47个靶点,这些靶点主要参与细胞内脂多糖反应、氧化应激反应、对机械刺激的反应等生物学过程.分子功能主要包括细胞因子受体结合、细胞因子活性、受体配体活性等,其机制与低氧诱导因子1信号通路、NF-κB信号通路、细胞凋亡等有关.分子对接结果 显示荆银合剂中槲皮素、木樨草素与6LU7和6M3M蛋白具有一定的亲和力.结论 荆银合剂的活性成分可能通过抗病毒、抗炎、调控细胞周期对COVID-19及其导致的炎症和肺损伤具有潜在的干预作用,研究结果 可为中医药干预COVID-19提供一定的理论基础与科学依据.     

Comparative evaluation of propolis and triantibiotic mixture as an intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide, triantibiotic mixture (TAM), and an ethanol extract of propolis as intracanal medicaments on Enterococcus faecalis-infected root canals.

Methods

One hundred twenty extracted intact human permanent incisors were decoronated, and chemomechanical preparation of the root canal was performed. After sterilization of the samples, they were inoculated with pure culture of E. faecalis and incubated. After incubation, colony-forming units were recorded before medication. Then, samples were divided randomly into five groups (n = 24). Each group was then exposed to various intracanal medicaments, namely calcium hydroxide (group 1), TAM (group 2), propolis (group 3), ethanol (group 4), and saline as the control group (group V). The antibacterial effectiveness of the different intracanal medicament was recorded by determining the percentage reduction in colony counts (%RCC) at the end of days 1, 2, and 7. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test.

Results

The %RCC was highest for propolis showing 100% reduction on day 2 followed by TAM showing 82.5%, 92.2%, and 98.4% of reduction on days 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Calcium hydroxide showed a gradual increase in antibacterial activity with a maximum of 59.4% on day 7.

Conclusions

Propolis was more effective than TAM against E. faecalis at a 2-day time period, and both were equally effective at 7 days.     

消瘤通腑散膏摩防治化学治疗后消化道反应临床观察

目的 观察消瘤通腑散膏摩防治化学治疗后消化道反应的疗效。方法 将60例化学治疗患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组在化学治疗期间使用消瘤通腑散膏摩联合常规西医对症处理,对照组仅予常规西医对症处理,比较两组患者化学治疗后恶心、呕吐及便秘的情况。结果 治疗组在延迟性呕吐观察期总有效率高于对照组（P＜0.05）,且可以降低恶心、呕吐发生的程度（P＜0.05）,但在急性呕吐观察期优势不明显（P＞0.05）。治疗组防治化学治疗后便秘的有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 消瘤通腑散膏摩可以有效改善化学治疗后的延迟性呕吐及便秘症状,提高患者的生活质量。     

胃宁合剂治疗胃脘痛的临床研究

目的 :研究胃宁合剂治疗胃脘痛的临床疗效。方法 :40 0例均经胃镜确诊为消化性溃疡或急、慢性胃炎患者 ,随机分为治疗组 2 0 0例 ,中、西药对照组各 10 0例。治疗组予胃宁合剂 ;中药对照组予胃苏冲剂 ;西药对照组予雷尼替丁 ,疗程均为 4周。结果 :与 2个对照组比较 ,胃宁合剂组的总疗效及胃痛止痛显效率和总有效率均有显著差异 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。胃宁合剂疗效与证型的关系显示 :虚寒证、气滞证、湿热证和血瘀证 4个证型总有效率无显著差异。胃镜复查结果显示 :胃宁合剂治疗组消化性溃疡和各类胃炎总有效率 :治疗组与两个对照组比较均有显著性差异 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。幽门螺杆菌清除率 :胃宁合剂组为 83.18% ,中药对照组为 5 3.33% ,西药对照组为 2 5 .11% ,3组间比较 P均 <0 .0 5。治疗组未发现不良反应 ;中、西药对照组不良反应分别为 8.0 0 %和2 2 .0 0 %。结论 :胃宁合剂对各型胃脘痛临床疗效显著 ,可清除幽门螺杆菌且无不良反应发生